Ibindi · Inyigisho · iminota 7

Ruleti n'Inyigisho z'Imibare

Uruziga rwa ruleti rworohereza kwiyumvira ugushoboka. Ehe ukuntu warukoresha mu cigwa udashishikaje abanyeshure gutega.

Inyishu ngufi

Ivyavuyemwo mirongo itatu n'indwi bifise ugushoboka kungana, iriha rishinzwe, ukudafatana kw'ukuzunguruka, icitezwe c'igihombo kizwi n'inkuru ndende y'abantu bavyumvise nabi. Ruleti yerekana icitezwe, ihindagurika ry'ivyavuyemwoimibareIhindagurika ry'IvyavuyemwoIgipimo c'ukuntu ivyavuyemwo bikwiragira kure y'agaciro kitezwe. Kinini kuri straight up, gito ku matego ya rimwe kuri rimwe.Soma vyose →, itegeko ry'ibitigiri vyinshiimibareItegeko ry'ibitigiri vyinshiImpuzandengo y'ivyavuyemwo vyigenga yegera agaciro kitezwe uko incuro z'igeragezwa zigenda ziyongera.Soma vyose →, ikosa ry'umutezi, igeragezwa ry'iciyumviro n'ikibazo c'imisi y'amavuka neza kuruta igiceri canke urudede.

ivyavuyemwo vyose bishoboka

37, bingana

ivyiyumviro bigishwa

≥ 8

ibikoresho kuri uru rubuga

vy'ubuntu, muri mucukumbuzi

icigwa ca zeru

EV = −1/37, igihe cose

Kubera iki ruleti

Igiceri gifise ivyavuyemwo bibiri, urudede rukagira gatandatu; vyompi ni bike cane ku buryo vyerekana ikibazo c'imisi y'amavukaimibareIkibazo c'imisi y'amavukaAbantu bangahe bakenewe kugira ngo babiri bashobora gusangira umusi w'amavuka, canke ukuzunguruka kungahe imbere y'uko inomero ishobora gusubira. Ku ruziga rw'utuzu 37, ukuzunguruka 8 kurakwira kugira ngo ugushoboka kurenze kimwe c'igice.Soma vyose → canke igeragezwa rya chi-squareubushakashatsiIgeragezwa rya chi-squareIgeragezwa ry'ibiharuro rigereranya incuro buri kazu kafashe n'izitezwe n/37. Rikoreshwa kugira ngo umenye ko uruziga rubogamye.Soma vyose → mu buryo bushimishije. Umugwi w'amakarata urafise ukwibuka. Ruleti ifise ivyavuyemwo 37 bifise ugushoboka kungana, irihaamaheraIrihaIvyo itego ritsinze rizana, bivugwa nka “X kuri 1” hiyongereyeko amahera y'itego asubizwa.Soma vyose → rishinzwe rituma icitezwe gihurumburwa mu murongo umwe, ukudafatana kw'ukuzunguruka kwagenewe n'inyubakwa y'uruziga, n'inyungu ya kazino ntoya ku buryo yihisha mu gihe c'ugukina kandi nini ku buryo yiganza mu mwaka. Ifise kandi imyaka amajana abiri y'amakosa yanditswe yo gusuzuma.

Igiceri, urudede n'amakarata bisigira ikibanza ivyavuyemwo 37 vya ruleti bifise ugushoboka kungana.

Igeragezwa rya Chi-Square

Urukurikirane rw'ivyigwa

icigwaiciyumviroakarorero ka ruletiigikoresho kuri uru rubuga

1ugushoboka nk'uguharurap(itego) = n/37Imashini Iharura Igipimo c'Ugushoboka

2icitezweEV = (n/37)(36/n − 1) − (37 − n)/37 = −1/37Umutunganya w'Amatego

3ukudafatana n'itegeko ryo gukubisha(18/37)² ku nomero zitukura zibiriUgushoboka kw'Urukurikirane

4ikinyuranyo na “nibura rimwe”1 − (36/37)³⁷ = 63,7%Ugushoboka muri Ruleti

5ihindagurika ry'ivyavuyemwo n'itandukaniro risanzweσ = 5,84 (straight up) ugereranije na 1,00 (gitukura), EV imweIhindagurika ry'Ivyavuyemwo

6itegeko ry'ibitigiri vyinshi (n'ivyo ritavuga)impuzandengo iregerana; igiteranyo kirasandaraUkwegerana kw'Igihe Kirekire

7ikosa ry'umutezicirabura 26, 1913Ikosa ry'Umutezi

8ukugenda kw'impfindo n'ugutakaza vyoseingingo y'ugutakaza vyose kw'umuteziImashini Iharura Ingorane yo Gutakaza Vyose

9igeragezwa ry'iciyumvirochi-square ku tuzu 37Igikoresho Gisuzuma Ukubogama kw'Uruziga

10ikibazo c'imisi y'amavukainomero isubiwemwo mu kuzunguruka 8, 56%Ikibazo: Uruziga rw'Imisi y'Amavuka

11ukwigana kwa Monte Carloibihe vy'ugukina 10.000 mu musegonda umweIgikoresho co Kwigana Ingendo yo Gutega

12kubera iki uburyo bwo gutega bunanirwaukuterana kw'ivyitezweWoshobora Gutsinda Ruleti?

Kwigisha utigisha gutega

Koresha amahera y'ikigereranyo n'Umukino w'Ikigereranyo, utagira amahera nyakuri ateze. Tangura n'agaciro kitezweimibareAgaciro kitezweIvyavuyemwo vy'impuzandengo kuri buri tego mu gihe kirekire. −1/37 c'amahera y'itego kuri buri tego risanzwe ry'i Buraya.Soma vyose → kandi ubandanye ugusubirako: buri myitozo irangizwa na “kandi agaciro kitezwe ni −1/37 vy'amahera y'itego”. Koresha uburyo bwo gutega nk'uturorero tw'ikinyuranyo aho kuba nk'inzira: imyitozo ni ukurondera ikosa, kandi igikoresho co kwigana gituma iryo kosa riboneka mu masegonda. Shiramwo inkuru y'abantu bahomvye. Icigwa ni uko ibiharuro bitsinda, ico kikaba ari ikinyuranyo c'ukwamamaza.

Imyitozo ikora

Saba abanyeshure gukeka ukuzunguruka kungana gute imbere y'uko inomero isubirwamwo, hanyuma ukine Umukino w'Ikigereranyo incuro cumi (ikibazo c'imisi y'amavuka). Basabe kwandika “uburyo bwo gutega” mu gikoresho co kwandika ingendo maze bakine ibihe vy'ugukina 10.000 (ukuterana kw'ivyitezwe). Basabe guharura ugushobokaimibareUgushobokaUgushoboka kw'ivyavuyemwo, kuva kuri 0 gushika kuri 1 canke 0% gushika 100%. Inomero imwe: 1/37 = 2,70%.Soma vyose → kw'urukurikirane rwo mu 1913 hanyuma ukw'urwo rukurikirane gushika ahantu kanaka mu myaka mirongo itanu y'i Monte Carlo (itandukaniro hagati y'ikintu kimwe kizwi n'ikintu kanaka). Basabe kurondera akazuibikoreshoAkazuKimwe mu bibanza 37 bifise inomero kuri rotor. Kandi bita: slot, cup.Soma vyose → “kabogamye” muri kahise k'ukuzunguruka kutagira uguhenda hanyuma bavange ayo makuru (ibigereranyo vyinshi).

Ingene ukwiyumvira kw'abanyeshure kuba ikosa vuba (ivyo ishure rikeka ugereranije n'ukuri)

ukuzunguruka imbere y'uko inomero isubirwamwo: ivyo bakeka ≈ 19, ukuri 8

8 ugereranije na 19

p(≥1 ifashe mu kuzunguruka 37): ivyo bakeka 100%, ukuri 63,7%

63,7% ugereranije na 100%

p(gitukura inyuma ya gitukura 10): ivyo bakeka “bike”, ukuri 48,65%

48,65%

ibihe vy'ugukina vyungutse, Martingale: ivyo bakeka ≈ 95%, ukuri ≈ 78%

78% ugereranije na 95%

ivyavuyemwo ku mpuzandengo, Martingale: ivyo bakeka “inyungu”, ukuri igihombo

igihombo

050100

Icuho cose ni icigwa. Ica nyuma ni inyigisho yose.

Gusoma Kahise k'Ukuzunguruka Kwasohowe Insiguro y'Ibiharuro

Kubera iki bigumamwo

Abanyeshure bibuka ciraburaitegoCiraburaItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zirabura. Mu gifaransa: noir.Soma vyose → 26, uruziga rwa Jagger, n'akanya igikoresho co kwigana cerekanye uburyo bwabo buhomba. Ugushoboka kw'ivyiyumviro kwibagirwa imbere y'ikizamini; uruziga rwo ntirwibagirwa. Umurongo w'imico myiza urabonetse: igisha ibiharuro bituma umukino uba itego ribi, ukoresheje uwo mukino nyene, maze abanyeshure bazotega mu nyuma nibura bazoba bazi igiciro.

Abakinyi ba Ruleti Bazwi Cane

Ibibazo

Bibereye abanyeshure bo mu mashure?

Hamwe n'amahera y'ikigereranyo kandi bivuzwe neza ko inyungu ya kazinoimibareInyungu ya kazinoIgice c'amahera y'itego kazino igumana ku mpuzandengo: 2,70% muri ruleti y'i Buraya.Soma vyose → ari yo cigwa, inyigisho nyinshi zisanzwe zikoresha ibidede n'amatombora; ruleti ni uburyo bukungahaye kuruta bw'ico kintu nyene.

Umwigisha yotangurira ku rupapuro uruhe?

Inyungu ya Kazino, hanyuma Umukino w'Ikigereranyo, hanyuma Igikoresho co Kwigana Ingendo yo Gutega.

Umukino w'Ikigereranyo ntugira akaga mu cumba c'ishure?

Ntugira amahera nyakuri, ntugira konti kandi ntugira imihora ijana ku makazino.

Agakuru ko gutwenga

Ivyavuyemwo mirongo itatu n'indwi, inyungu ya kazino imwe, imyaka amajana abiri y'amakosa yo kwigirako.

Aho Twakuye

Feller, W. An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. 1. Wiley, isohorwa rya 3, 1968. Gambler’s ruin, igice ca XIV.
Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling. Springer, 2010. Igice ca 13, ruleti.

vyasubiwemwo 2026-09-28icitegererezo: ruleti y'i Buraya, zeru imweuburyo dukoresha ↗amasoko ↗