UBUSHAKASHATSIIKIGERAGEZO 06df = 36α = 0,05seed 99

Ukubogama kw'Uruziga rwa Ruleti

Uruziga rwa ruleti rubogamye rushigikira utuzu tumwe kubera ikibazo c'ubugenge: uruhome rw'akazu rudakomeye, rotor itaringaniye, utuzu twashaje. Ukubogama kw'uruziga rwa ruleti kurabaho kandi kwarakoreshejwe. Ingorane ni uko uruziga rutabogamye namba rutanga “inomero zishushe” igihe cose, nuko ikibazo si ukumenya nimba inomero ishushe, ahubwo ni ukumenya nimba ishusho yose itaringaniye kuruta ivyo amahirwe yemera.

1. Toranya icitegererezo c'uruziga rutabogamye

Inzunguruka zivuye ku ruziga rwiganwe rudafise ukubogama na guke. Hindura ubunini bw'icitegererezo urabe akazu gashushe kuruta utundi.

inzunguruka370

ivyitezwe ku kazu kamwe10,0

akazu gashushe kuruta20 · incuro 16 zafashwe (4,32%)

akashushe kuruta ugereranije n'ivyitezwe+60% · 1,9σ

chi-square · p32,8 · 0,622

ingingonta kimenyamenya c'ukubogama

2. Ivyabonetse n'ivyitezwe

Buri nkingi ni akazu ku rutonde rw'uruziga. Umurongo w'uduce ni igitigiri citezwe, n/37. Umurongo w'igicucu ni ±2 vy'itandukaniro risanzwe: ku ruziga rutabogamye, nk'akazu kamwe muri makumyabiri karawurenga ku bw'amahirwe gusa.

0utuzu ku rutonde rw'uruziga →26

3. Igeragezwa rya chi-square

Igeragezwa riteranya ukuntu buri kazu kari kure y'ivyitezwe, bikubwe kabiri kandi bipimwe. Ku ruziga rutabogamye, igiteranyo gikurikira ugukwiragira kwa chi-square gufise ibipimo 36 vy'ubwigenge; agaciro ka p kari munsi ya 0,05 gasanzwe kwitwa ko gahambaye.

χ² = Σ (Oᵢ − Eᵢ)² / Eᵢ Eᵢ = n/37 df = 36
n = 370 · E = 10,00 · χ² = 32,80 · p = 0,622

Iburira ku bunini bw'icitegererezoMunsi y'ukuzunguruka 1.000, igeragezwa ntirigira inguvu zo kumenya ukubogama kw'ukuri, kandi ivyavuyemwo “bihambaye” kuri p < 0,05 bizoboneka ku bw'amahirwe incuro 1 muri 20 vy'ibitegererezo bitabogamye uraba. Kugerageza inziga nyinshi, canke gusubiramwo igeragezwa ku ruziga rumwe gushika ruhise, bituma hama haboneka ivyiyemezo bitari vyo.

4. Inzunguruka zingahe wokenera

Inzunguruka zikenewe kugira umenye akazu kamwe gasohoka kenshi kuruta 1/37, ku rugero rwa 5% ku ruhande rumwe n'inguvu ya 80%. Akazu gasohoka incuro 1 muri 35 aho kuba 1 muri 37 coba inyungu ikomeye ku mukinyi, kandi bisaba ibihumbi mirongo vy'inzunguruka zanditswe kugira bimenyekane.

igipimo nyakuriinyungu y'umukinyiinzunguruka zikeneweku kuzunguruka 40/isaha

1 muri 25+44,0%1.108amasaha 28

1 muri 30+20,0%4.392amasaha 110

1 muri 33+9,1%15.747amasaha 394

1 muri 35+2,9%69.461amasaha 1.737

Kwemeza ukubogama bisigura kwandika inzunguruka ijoro ku rindi, ibihumbi mirongo vyazo.

Uburyo bwo Gukora

Ugutoranya icitegererezo. Itoranywa ringana mu tuzu 37 hakoreshejwe igikoresho c'impfindo gifise intango ihamye (mulberry32, seed 99), kugira iyi paji ishobore gusubirwamwo nk'uko iri.

Igeragezwa. Igeragezwa rya Pearson chi-square ry'ukuntu ivyabonetse bihuye n'icitegererezo, ibipimo 36 vy'ubwigenge, agaciro ka p kava ku gikorwa c'imibare ca gamma kituzuye gitunganijwe.

Inguvu. Ukugereranya kwa normal ku igeragezwa ry'igipimo kimwe, α = 0,05 ku ruhande rumwe, inguvu 0,80.

Urugero rw'ivyigwa. Ukumenya gukoresheje ibiharuro gusa. Imvo z'ubugenge n'isesengura rishingiye ku bice vy'uruziga (aho gushingira ku tuzu) bisigurwa muri Isesengura ry'Ibice vy'Uruziga.

Agakuru ko gutwenga

Uruziga rutabogamye rutanga inomero zishushe buri joro. Kwerekana ukubogama bisaba ibihumbi mirongo vy'inzunguruka.

Aho Twakuye

Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations… Philosophical Magazine, 50(302).
Thorp, E. O. (1969). Optimal gambling systems for favorable games. Review of the International Statistical Institute, 37(3).
Ethier, S. N. (2010). The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling. Springer. Igice ca 13, Roulette.