Umugani: Ingendo yo Gutega muri Ruleti Itsinda Imisi Yose
“Mfise uburyo butsinda ku 80% vy'igihe.” Kumbure urabufise. Ariko buracahomba amahera.
Uburyo bwo gutega burashobora gutuma ibihe vy'ugukina bitsinda biba kenshi. Ntibushobora gutuma agaciro kitezwe kaba inyungu, kubera ko itego ryose bushira ari −1/37 vy'amahera yaryo kandi ivyitezwe biraterana. Uburyo butsinda kenshi kuruta ubundi ni bwo buhomba vyinshi kuruta iyo buhomvye.
Ivyavuzwe
Inyizera: ahantu kanaka hariho ingendo yo gutega muri ruleti itsinda igihe cose, uburyo bwo guhindura amahera y'itego bushingiye ku vyavuyemwo vyahise buhindura ruleti umukino utsindwa n'umukinyi. Ivyemezo bitangwa: urukurikirane rw'ibihe vy'ugukina vyatsinze, videwo yerekana ukuntu watsinda muri ruleti igihe cose, ubuhamya bw'umuntu, urupapuro rw'ibiharuro rw'indwi y'amahirwe. Kenshi ivyo bivugwa n'umutima mwiza; uwubivuga arabwizera kubera ko bwamye bukora.
Kubera iki ari ikosa, mu murongo umwe
IvyitezweimibareAgaciro kitezweIvyavuyemwo vy'impuzandengo kuri buri tego mu gihe kirekire. −1/37 c'amahera y'itego kuri buri tego risanzwe ry'i Buraya.Soma vyose → biraterana. Iyo itego rimwe rimwe rifise EV = −1/37 vy'amahera yaryo, urukurikirane urwo ari rwo rwose rw'amatego rufise EV = −1/37 vy'amahera yose yateze, itegeko iryo ari ryo ryose ryahisemwo ayo mahera. Uburyo bwo gutega ni itegeko ryo guhitamwo amahera y'itego. Rero uburyo bwose bufise EV = −1/37 vy'igiteranyo c'amategoamaheraIgiteranyo c'amategoIgiteranyo c'amahera yose yateze mu gihe c'ugukina canke mu kiringo, harimwo n'ivyatsinzwe vyongeye gutegwa. Kandi bita: handle, action.Soma vyose →. Iki ni icemezo c'imibare (Doob na Halmos barabigaragaje mu myaka ya 1930; Thorp 1969 avuga ivyangombwa), kandi nta kidasanzwe gifise ku mategeko y'ubwenge. Icangombwa kimwe gikwiye kumenywa ni itego ritoyi kuruta ayandi ryemewe: akarorero ka Thorp gatega $1.000 kuri gitukuraitegoGitukuraItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zitukura. Mu gifaransa: rouge.Soma vyose →, hanyuma amasantime 90, hanyuma amasantime 9 n'ibindi, bigabanuka imyaka n'imyaka. Ku gushoboka kwa 18/37 itego rya mbere riratsinda maze umukinyi akaguma imbere ubuziraherezo, n'aho ivyavuyemwo vyitezwe bikiri −1/37 vy'ivyateze vyose. Itego ritoyi ry'ameza nyakuri rirabibuza, kandi hamwe na vyo ricura icizigiro cose co kuguma imbere mu gihe kirekire.
Ugushikana mu Gihe Kirekire: Itegeko ry'Ibitigiri Vyinshi muri Ruleti
Kubera iki bisa n'ibikora
Iyongerekanaingendo yo gutegaIyongerekanaItegeko ryose rihindura amahera y'itego hisunzwe ivyavuyemwo vyabanje. Iyongerekana rihakana riyongereza inyuma y'ibihombo, iryemeza inyuma y'itsinzi.Soma vyose → rihakana rituma ibihe vy'ugukina bitsinda biba kenshi. Martingaleingendo yo gutegaMartingaleIyongerekana rikuba kabiri itego inyuma y'igihombo cose. Raba igice c'Ingendo zo gutega umenye ivyo bukora n'ivyo budakora.Soma vyose → itangurira kuri $10 ku rugero rwa $500 irangiza nka 80% vy'ibihe vy'ugukina vy'ukuzunguruka 100 iri imbere y'ibiceamaheraIgiceAmahera y'itego y'ishingiro uburyo canke umukinyi akoresha. Iyongerekana ridondorwa mu bice kugira ngo rikore ku meza ayo ari yo yose.Soma vyose → bike. Umukinyi abukoresha mu bihe vy'ugukina mirongo ibiri atsinda cumi na bitandatu muri vyo kandi ivyo ni vyo yibuka. Ibihe vy'ugukina bine vyahomvye bimwe bimwe bihomba birenze ivyo ibihe cumi vyatsinze vyungura, kandi ibiharuro vy'ibihe mirongo ibiri ni igihombo. Ubwo buryo ntibwahinduye impuzandengo; bwimuriye ibihombo mu bihe bike binini, aho vyoroshe kuvyita ibisirani.
Igeragezwa umuntu wese yokora
Igikoresho co Kwigana Ingendo yo Gutega kuri uru rubuga gikina ibihe vy'ugukina 10.000 vy'uburyo ubwo ari bwo bwose, canke porogaramu yawe bwite, mu musegonda umwe. Gitunganye ku buryo wizera maze usome impuzandengo. Iyo impuzandengo yoba inyungu ku gutunganya na kumwe, uru rupapuro rwobivuga. Ugutunganya kwose, uburyo bwose, urugero rw'amezaamezaUrugero rw'amezaItego ritoya n'irinini kuruta ayandi vyemewe. Urugero rwo hejuru ni rwo ruhagarika iyongerekana rikuba kabiri.Soma vyose → rwose bitanga impuzandengo ya −2,70% vy'igiteranyo c'amatego wongereko ihindagurika rito. Ubuhamya ni icitegererezo c'umuntu umwe; igikoresho co kwigana ni icitegererezo c'ibihumbi cumi.
Uburyo budashobora guhomba
Mu 1997 umwanditsi kuri poker Mike Caro yashize ahabona uburyo bwo gutega muri ruleti nk'agacokoro, maze Gambling Times irabusubira kubusohora mu 2001. Ni urutonde rw'amatego yo kwirinda: ntuteze na rimwe kuri gitukura canke ciraburaitegoCiraburaItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zirabura. Mu gifaransa: noir.Soma vyose →, igiharwe canke igiharuro, canke kuri zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icatsi kibisi kadapfukwa n'itego rya rimwe kuri rimwe, ry'umurwi canke ry'inkingi; ni yo soko y'inyungu ya kazino. Kandi bita: zeru imwe, 0.Soma vyose →; nta nomero zitukura z'igiharwe kandi nta nomero zirabura z'igiharuro; kandi nta kintu kuri 30, canke ku rukurikirane rurerure rw'utuzuibikoreshoAkazuKimwe mu bibanza 37 bifise inomero kuri rotor. Kandi bita: slot, cup.Soma vyose → kuva kuri 11 ugenda nk'isaha gushika kuri 14 ku ruziga rw'Amerika. Shira hamwe ayo mategeko maze nta nomero n'imwe isigara. Utuzu twonyene turi hanze y'urwo rukurikirane ni 0, 28, 9, 26, 30 na 2; 30 ibujijwe mu izina, kandi izisigaye ni zeru, igiharuro kandi irabura, canke igiharwe kandi itukura. Umukinyi akurikiza ubwo buryo ntategera na rimwe kandi ntahomba na rimwe. Inyungu ya kazino ni zeru, kandi ni bwo buryo bwonyene bwa ruleti buvuga ukuri ku kuntu bushika ku vyo bushika.
Uburyo bufise amazina, umurongo umwe kuri bumwe bumwe
Uburyo bugurishwa bufise izina, canke nk'ingingo y'ugutsinda muri ruleti, ntibutandukanye. Bumwe bumwe ni umugwi w'amatego, kandi itego ryose rirariha uruziga 2,70% zarwo. Bollman (2024) asuzuma bumwe na bumwe ku ruziga rw'Amerika, aho bwose butwara 5,26%; aha buri ku ruziga rw'i Buraya.
Inkuru y'ukuri
Uburyo bwo gutega buhindura ishusho y'igihe c'ugukina: incuro utsinda, ingene amatsinzi angana, ingene ivyago bibi kuruta vyoba bingana. Ivyo ni uguhitamwo nyakuri kandi umukinyi yoshobora gukunda ishusho imwe kuruta iyindi. Ico uburyo budahindura ni igiciro, ari co 2,70% vy'amahera yose yateze, kandi kubera ko iyongerekana riteza vyinshi kuruta gutega amahera anganaingendo yo gutegaGutega amahera anganaGutega amahera angana kuri buri kuzunguruka. Ni urugero iyongerekana ryose rigereranywa na rwo.Soma vyose →, rirariha vyinshi kuri ico giciro.
Ibibazo
Amezi atandatu y'ibihe vy'ugukina rimwe mu ndwi ni nk'ibihe 25. Martingale itsinda 80% muri vyo. Ibihe vyo guhomba biriko biraza, kandi ni binini kurushiriza.
Itegeko ryo guhagarara rigabanya igiteranyo c'amatego, rero rigabanya igihombo citezweimibareIgihombo citezweAgaciro kitezwe gakubwe n'amahera yose yateze; ni amahera y'impuzandengo atakara mu gihe c'ugukina canke mu gihe runaka.Soma vyose →. Ntirituma kiba inyungu.
Ku ruziga rutagira uguhenda, oya. Ku ruziga rubogamyeubushakashatsiUruziga rubogamyeUruziga rufise amakosa y'ivyuma atuma utuzu tumwe dushobora gufata kuruta 1/37. Ni gake, kandi rumenyekana gusa n'ukuzunguruka ibihumbi vyanditswe.Soma vyose →, ico kikaba ari ikibazo c'ubumenyi bw'inguvu, atari uburyo bwo gutega.
Twinezwe n'Imibare
Banza ubigerageze wewe nyene. Inyishu yose irapfutse; yugurure igihe witeguye.
Uburyo bwo gutega bwa Mike Caro bwo mu 1997, bwari umukino w'ugutwenga ku ruziga rw'Amerika, bubuza gitukuraitegoGitukuraItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zitukura. Mu gifaransa: rouge.Soma vyose → na ciraburaitegoCiraburaItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zirabura. Mu gifaransa: noir.Soma vyose →, igiharwe n'igiharuro, na zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icatsi kibisi kadapfukwa n'itego rya rimwe kuri rimwe, ry'umurwi canke ry'inkingi; ni yo soko y'inyungu ya kazino. Kandi bita: zeru imwe, 0.Soma vyose →; inomero zitukura z'igiharwe n'inomero zirabura z'igiharuro; inomero 30; n'akazuibikoreshoAkazuKimwe mu bibanza 37 bifise inomero kuri rotor. Kandi bita: slot, cup.Soma vyose → kose kari mu murongo kuva kuri 11 ukurikije inzira y'isaha gushika kuri 14. Shira mu ngiro amategeko rimwe rimwe. Ni izihe nomero zisigaye zo gutegako?
Erekana inyishu
Inyishu Nta na imwe. Ubwo buryo ntibwigera butega, ku buryo inyungu ya kazino yabwo ari zeru neza.
Kubuza gitukura, cirabura, igiharwe, igiharuro na zeru bisiga inomero imwe imwe n'imigwi mitoyi muri 1 gushika 36.
Nta nomero zitukura z'igiharwe kandi nta nomero zirabura z'igiharuro bisiga inomero zitukura z'igiharuro (12, 14, 16, 18, 30, 32, 34, 36) n'inomero zirabura z'igiharwe (11, 13, 15, 17, 29, 31, 33, 35): inomero cumi na gatandatu. Kubuza 30 bisiga cumi n'eshanu.
Ku ruziga rw'Amerika umurongo kuva kuri 11 ukurikije inzira y'isaha gushika kuri 14 upfuka utuzu 32 muri 38. Dutandatu turi hanze yawo ni 0, 28, 9, 26, 30 na 2. Inomero zose cumi n'eshanu zisigaye ziri mu murongo, ku buryo itegeko rya nyuma na zo rizikuraho. Uburyo butigera butega ni bwo bwonyene butigera buhomba, ico ni co Caro yashaka kwerekana.
Kryptos ikoresha Martingaleingendo yo gutegaMartingaleIyongerekana rikuba kabiri itego inyuma y'igihombo cose. Raba igice c'Ingendo zo gutega umenye ivyo bukora n'ivyo budakora.Soma vyose → zitatu icarimwe, imwe kuri buri mugwi w'amatego ya rimwe kuri rimweitegoItego rya rimwe kuri rimweGitukura/cirabura, igiharwe/igiharuro, binini/bito. Inomero 18, riha 1:1.Soma vyose → (binini canke bito, igiharwe canke igiharuro, gitukura canke cirabura), n'amahera y'itego 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 n'uguhagarara inyuma y'ibihombo bitandatu. Fata imwe muri izo zitatu ku ruziga rw'i Buraya. Ihomba amatego yose atandatu kangahe, umuzingi umwe uronka iki ku mpuzandengo, kandi ivyo ni igice kingana iki c'amahera yateze?
Erekana inyishu
Inyishu Ihomba yose atandatu nk'incuro imwe mu mizingi 55, 1,83% vy'igihe, kandi ivyo bitwara ibiceamaheraIgiceAmahera y'itego y'ishingiro uburyo canke umukinyi akoresha. Iyongerekana ridondorwa mu bice kugira ngo rikore ku meza ayo ari yo yose.Soma vyose → 63. Ku mpuzandengo umuzingi uhomba hafi ibice 0,17 mu bice 6,42 vyatezwe: 2,70%, igiciro c'itego ryose ku ruziga.
Itego rihomba ku gushoboka kwa 19/37, zeru irimwo. Atandatu akurikirana: (19/37)⁶ = 0,0183, hafi 1 muri 55, hanyuma amahera y'itego 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 = 63 aba yagiye. Ahandi, umuzingi urangira n'itsinzi na +1 igice.
Impuzandengo: 1 × (1 − 0,0183) − 63 × 0,0183 = 1 − 64 × 0,0183 = −0,17 vy'ibice.
Amahera yateze: itego rya mbere ryama riterwa, irya kabiri gusa inyuma y'igihombo, n'ibindi: 1 + 2 × (19/37) + 4 × (19/37)² + … + 32 × (19/37)⁵ = 6,42 vy'ibice. Kandi −0,17/6,42 = −2,70%.
Ukuzunguruka gutandatu kwanditswe gutora gusa uruhande itego ryose rijako, kandi uruziga ntirushobora kubimenya. Gukoresha zose zitatu bikuba gatatu amahera yateze n'igihombo co ku mpuzandengo hamwe na yo. Bollman (2024) akoresha ubwo buryo ku ruziga rw'Amerika, aho imwe yose muri zo ihomba atandatu akurikirana 2,1% vy'igihe.
Agakuru ko gutwenga
Gutsinda kenshi no gutsinda amahera ni ibitigiri bitandukanye.
Aho Twakuye
- Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.”
- Thorp, E. O. The Mathematics of Gambling.
- Doob, J. L. “Note on probability.”
- Halmos, P. R. “Invariants of certain stochastic transformations: the mathematical theory of gambling systems.”
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.
- Bollman, M. Basic Gambling Mathematics: The Numbers Behind the Neon, isohorwa rya 2.