Uduhimbano, Ivyamamazwa n'Amahera Asubizwa muri Ruleti
Ibihembo vya ruleti, nk'amakuponi ya matchplay, amajetoni udashobora kuvunja n'ugusubizwa igice c'ivyo watakaje, bikura amahera make kuri kazino bikayaha umukinyi. Iyo bipimwe neza, bimwe muri vyo bifise agaciro kanini kuruta ivyo uruziga rutwara.
Ikuponi ikuba kabiri iriha ry'itego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ifise agaciro nka 46% by'itego ku ruziga rw'i Buraya. Jetoni yo kwamamaza ikoreshwa rimwe ifise agaciro ka (36 − n)/37 k'agaciro kayo ku itego ripfuka inomero n: 95% kuri straight up, 49% ku gitukura. Gusubizwa igice c'igihombo nyakuri cawe bituma igihe c'ugukina kigufi ku gitukura gikwiye gukinwa. Nta na kimwe muri ivyo gihindura uruziga; gihindura uwuriha.
Igituma igihembo gishobora kurusha inyungu ya kazino
Inyungu ya kazinoimibareInyungu ya kazinoIgice c'amahera y'itego kazino igumana ku mpuzandengo: 2,70% muri ruleti y'i Buraya.Soma vyose → ni igiciro ku giceamaheraIgiceAmahera y'itego y'ishingiro uburyo canke umukinyi akoresha. Iyongerekana ridondorwa mu bice kugira ngo rikore ku meza ayo ari yo yose.Soma vyose → kimwe cateze: 2,70% ku ruziga rw'i Buraya. Igihembo ca ruleti congera amahera ku ruhande rumwe rw'itego, kandi iyo congeyeko ibirenze 2,70% vy'amahera y'itego, iryo tego riba ryiza igihe cose igihembo kikiriho. Amakazino arabitanga naho biri ukwo kubera ko bigerewe: ikuponi imwe ku rugendo rumwe, amajetoniamaheraJetoniIkimenyetso gihagararira amahera adahinduka, gishirwa ku kibaho c'amatego kugira ngo utege. Kandi citwa: check.Soma vyose → ashobora gutegwa ariko ntavunjwe, gusubizwa amahera ku bakinyi batakaza amahera menshi gusa. Imibare ni imwe n'iyo ahandi hose kuri uru rubuga: ugushoboka gukubwa irihaamaheraIrihaIvyo itego ritsinze rizana, bivugwa nka “X kuri 1” hiyongereyeko amahera y'itego asubizwa.Soma vyose →, hanyuma ukabiteranya ku vyashobora kuvamwo vyose.
Amakuponi ya matchplay
Ikuponi ya matchplay ishirwa iruhande y'itego ry'amahera nyayo igakuba kabiri ivyo iryo tego riha iyo ritsinze; ritsinda canke ritsindwa, kazino igumana ikuponi. Bollman (2024) apima ikuponi yo muri Las Vegas yo mu 2022 yongera gushika kuri $50 ku itego rya rimwe kuri rimweitegoItego rya rimwe kuri rimweGitukura/cirabura, igiharwe/igiharuro, binini/bito. Inomero 18, riha 1:1.Soma vyose →. Ku ruziga rw'i Buraya, $50 ku gitukuraitegoGitukuraItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zitukura. Mu gifaransa: rouge.Soma vyose → hamwe n'ikuponi bitsinda $100 ku gushoboka kwa 18/37 bigatsindwa $50 ku gushoboka kwa 19/37: ivyitezwe ni +$22,97, ni ukuvuga 45,9% by'itego. Ku ruziga rw'Amerika ni +$21,05, 42,1%. Kuri straight upitegoStraight upInomero imwe gusa, iriha 35:1.Soma vyose →, iyo kuponi nyene yogira agaciro gakubye kabiri, ari co gituma amakuponi agerewe ku matego ya rimwe kuri rimwe gusa.
Amajetoni udashobora kuvunja
Amajetoni yo kwamamaza, yitwa kandi amajetoni atavunjwa, ashobora gutegwa ariko ntashobora guhindurwa amahera. Itegeko risanzwe ni ugukoreshwa rimwe: itego ritsinze riherwa mu majetoni asanzwe, jetoni yo kwamamaza igatwarwa; iritsinzwe na ryo rirayitwara. Jetoni ya $100 ku itego ripfuka inomero n itsinda (36 − n)/n × $100 ku gushoboka kwa n/37, rero ifise agaciro ka (36 − n)/37 k'agaciro kayo. Agaciro ka jetoni nyene ntigasubira, haguma gusa ivyatsinzwe, kandi itego ritsinda gake ariko riha menshi ni ryo ritakaza bike muri ubwo buryo: $94,59 kuri straight up, $48,65 ku gitukura. Aho jetoni yemerewe kuguma ku kibaho c'amategoibikoreshoIkibaho c'amategoIkibaho co gutega canditswe ku meza. Kandi bita: ameza, igitambara.Soma vyose → gushika itsinzwe, itego rya rimwe kuri rimwe rifise agaciro ka 18/19 k'agaciro kayo ku ruziga rw'i Buraya na 9/10 ku rw'Amerika (Bollman, 2024).
Guhindura amajetoni amahera
Agaciro ni impuzandengo; umukinyi ashaka amahera ata gukeka arashobora kuyagura akoresheje ugukingira. Akarorero ka Bollman kava kuri kazino ya kera ya Vegas World: $1.000 y'amajetoni akoreshwa rimwe ku ruziga rw'Amerika, $500 ku gitukura na $500 ku ciraburaitegoCiraburaItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zirabura. Mu gifaransa: noir.Soma vyose →, hamwe na $20 z'amahera nyayo kuri 0 na 00 umwumwe. Gitukura canke cirabura itsinda $500 igatakaza $40 z'amahera nyayo: +$460. ZeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icatsi kibisi kadapfukwa n'itego rya rimwe kuri rimwe, ry'umurwi canke ry'inkingi; ni yo soko y'inyungu ya kazino. Kandi bita: zeru imwe, 0.Soma vyose → itakaza amajetoni yompi ikariha $700 ku mahera nyayo: +$680. Umukinyi aronka nibura $460, kandi impuzandengo, $471,58, ni 99,6% vy'agaciro amajetoni afise ku gitukura gusa. Aho amategeko yemera amajetoni ku nomero imwe imwe, uruziga rw'i Buraya rutanga ugukingira kwiza kuruta: amajetoni ya $25 ku nomero zose 36 ($900) na $25 z'amahera nyayo kuri zeru. Inomero yose ivuyeho iriha $875, kandi amahera nyayo ari kuri zeru aratakara kiretse zeru nyene ivuyeho, rero umukinyi agumana nibura $850, 94% vy'agaciro k'amajetoni, ata ngorane na nkeya.
Gusubizwa igice c'ivyatakaye
Abakinyi bategera amahera menshi kenshi bahabwa gusubizwa: igice c'igihombo nyakuri cabo bagisubizwa ku mpera y'igihe c'ugukina bumvikanye. Ugusubizwa kuriha gusa iyo utakaje, rero kuba gufise agaciro kanini cane iyo ivyavuyemwo bihindagurika cane kandi igihe c'ugukina ari kigufi ku buryo inyungu ya kazino itaratangura kuganza. Epstein (2013) yakoze ico kibazo ku ruziga rw'Amerika; ibitigiri vyacu vy'uruziga rw'i Buraya bikurikira. Iyo usubijwe igice c'igihombo nyakuri, gutega amahera angana ku matego ya rimwe kuri rimwe birakwiye gukinwa gushika ku kuzunguruka 103 kandi ni vyiza cane ku 25, bifise agaciro ka +0,51 vy'amahera y'itego ku mpuzandengo. Kuri straight up, ihindagurika ni rinini cane ku buryo igihe c'ugukina kiguma ari ciza ku kuzunguruka nka 3.600 kandi ni ciza cane ku 882, gifise agaciro ka +17,25 vy'amahera y'itego. Iyo usubijwe 10% nk'uko bisanzwe, rimwe kuri rimwe riba ryiza ku kuzunguruka kumwe gusa, mu gihe straight up iba nziza cane ku kuzunguruka 20, ifise agaciro ka +0,62 vy'amahera y'itego.
Amategeko y'ibihembo vya ruleti: ivyo kazino yizigiye
Igihembo cose gifise urugero ntarengwa, kandi urwo rugero rukingira kazino: ikuponi imwe ku rugendo, amajetoni atangwa ku giteranyo kigenwe, ugusubizwa kwumvikanwa gusa n'abakinyi ibihombo vyabo vyitezwe mu rugendo bisumba kure ivyo basubizwa. Umukinyi akoresha ikuponi hanyuma akaguma umugoroba wose ategera $50 ku gitukura asubiza za $22,97 mu kuzunguruka 17, ku $1,35 ku kuzunguruka. Agaciro ni ak'ukuri ku mukinyi agitwara akigendera, canke ku wari asanzwe agiye gukina ivyo vyose.
Ingingo y'imibare
Ibibazo
Ku itego rimwe iherekeje, ego. Irindi tego ryose riracatwara 2,70% vy'amahera y'itego.
Abakinyi bake ni bo babiyumvira, amajetoni aragerewe, kandi kazino iba yamaze gupima igihembo nk'ukwamamaza.
Gake cane. Ni ivy'abategera amahera menshi, bisanzwe bumvikanwa n'umwakiriye wa kazino kandi bikishurwa ku gihombo nyakuri c'urugendo rwose.
Twinezwe n'Imibare
Banza ubigerageze wewe nyene. Inyishu yose irapfutse; yugurure igihe witeguye.
Bakuhaye jetoniamaheraJetoniIkimenyetso gihagararira amahera adahinduka, gishirwa ku kibaho c'amatego kugira ngo utege. Kandi citwa: check.Soma vyose → y'iyamamaza ya $25 ikurwaho inyuma y'itego rimwe, watsinda canke wahomba. Woyishira he: kuri gitukuraitegoGitukuraItego rya rimwe kuri rimwe ku nomero 18 zitukura. Mu gifaransa: rouge.Soma vyose →, ku murwiitegoUmurwi1–12, 13–24 canke 25–36, riha 2:1.Soma vyose → canke ku nomero imwe?
Erekana inyishu
Inyishu Ku nomero imwe. Ng'aho ifise agaciro ka $23,65 ku mpuzandengo; ku murwi $16,22 no kuri gitukura $12,16.
Jetoni nyene ntisubira, hasubira gusa ivyo itsinze. Kuri gitukura itsinda $25 ku gushoboka kwa 18/37: $12,16. Ku murwi itsinda $50 ku gushoboka kwa 12/37: $16,22. Ku nomero imwe itsinda $875 ku gushoboka kwa 1/37: $23,65.
Muri rusangi, itego ku nomero n rifise agaciro ka (36 − n)/37 ka jetoni, ku buryo uko inomero ziba nkeyi, ni ko vyiza. Kuri jetoni isanzwe nta tandukaniro, kuko amahera y'itego asubira kuri buri tsinzi kandi itego ryose rifise agaciro ka 36/37 kayo. Gukuraho amahera y'itego bibabaza amatego atsinda kenshi kandi ntibikora cane ku tego ritsinda rimwe muri 37.
Kazino izogusubiza igice c'igihombo cawe nyakuri inyuma y'ukuzunguruka kumwe gusa. $100 kuri gitukura birakwiye gukinwa? Na $100 ku nomero imwe?
Erekana inyishu
Inyishu Vyompi birakwiye: nka +$22,97 kuri gitukura na +$45,95 ku nomero.
Kuri gitukura utsinda $100 ku gushoboka kwa 18/37 kandi, inyuma yo gusubizwa, uhomba $50 ku gushoboka kwa 19/37: (1.800 − 950)/37 = +$22,97.
Ku nomero imwe utsinda $3.500 ku gushoboka kwa 1/37 ugahomba $50 ku gushoboka kwa 36/37: (3.500 − 1.800)/37 = +$45,95.
Ibi ni ibitigiri vya matchplay kandi. Itego rya $100 rihomba $50 gusa ritsinda $100 canke rigahomba $50, neza nk'itego rya $50 rifise ikupo ikuba kabiri itsinzi yaryo. Mu gihe c'ugukina kirekire, gusubizwa biriha gusa ku vyavuyemwo nyakuri, amatsinzi n'ibihombo bigaharirana imbere yo kurihwa, kandi agaciro karagabanuka; kuri gitukura n'igice gisubizwa, ukuzunguruka 25 ni bwo burebure bwiza kuruta.
Kazino izogusubiza igice c'igihombo cawe nyakuri inyuma y'igitigiri ntahinduka c'amatego ya $100 kuri gitukura, catowe imbere: ukuzunguruka 1, 2 canke 3. Ni ikihe gifise agaciro kanini kuruta?
Erekana inyishu
Inyishu Ukuzunguruka gutatu: nka +$31,45. Ukuzunguruka kumwe gufise agaciro ka +$22,97, na kubiri +$20,96 gusa.
Ukuzunguruka kumwe: gutsinda $100 ku gushoboka kwa 18/37, canke guhomba $100 ugasubizwa $50 ku gushoboka kwa 19/37: +$22,97, nk'uko biri mu mwimenyerezo uri hejuru.
Ukuzunguruka kubiri: vyompi bitsinda (incuro 324 muri 1.369), +$200. Kimwe kimwe (incuro 684), $0, nta co gusubizwa. Vyompi bihomba (incuro 361), −$200, −$100 inyuma yo gusubizwa. Impuzandengo: (200 × 324 − 100 × 361)/1.369 = +$20,96. Gusubizwa biriha gusa ku gihombo, kandi ukuzunguruka kubiri guhindura ibihombo vyinshi vy'ukuzunguruka kumwe kuba ukunganya.
Ukuzunguruka gutatu ntigushobora kunganya. Amatsinzi atatu (incuro 5.832 muri 50.653): +$300. Amatsinzi abiri (18.468): +$100. Itsinzi rimwe (19.494): −$100, risubizwa rigashika kuri −$50. Nta na rimwe (6.859): −$300, risubizwa rigashika kuri −$150. Impuzandengo: +$31,45.
Gusubizwa bifise agaciro kanini uko wiyemeje igihe kirekire, naho inyungu ya kazino itwara $2,70 gusa kuri buri kuzunguruka, ku buryo agaciro kaduga gushika nka +$51 ku kuzunguruka 25 (raba igishushanyo kiri hejuru), kandi igitigiri c'igiharwe c'ukuzunguruka camye kiruta igitigiri c'igiharuro gikurikira.
Kazino imwe y'i Las Vegas yigeze gutanga ikupo: teza $5 kuri 00 kandi, iyo itsinze, urihwa $250 aho kuba $175 bisanzwe. Itego rya $5 rifise agaciro kangana iki n'iyo kupo, nk'igice c'amahera y'itego, ku ruziga rwayo rufise zeruuruzigaZeruAkazu kamwe k'icatsi kibisi kadapfukwa n'itego rya rimwe kuri rimwe, ry'umurwi canke ry'inkingi; ni yo soko y'inyungu ya kazino. Kandi bita: zeru imwe, 0.Soma vyose → zibiri?
Erekana inyishu
Inyishu Nka +34%: itego rifise agaciro ka +$1,71 ku mpuzandengo. Iyo $250 irimwo $5 isubizwa, ni +31,6%.
00 itsinda incuro imwe mu kuzunguruka 38. N'ikupo: +$250 rimwe, −$5 izindi ncuro 37. Impuzandengo: (250 − 37 × 5)/38 = 65/38 = +$1,71, ni ukuvuga 34,2% vya $5. Hatariho ikupo: (175 − 185)/38 = −$0,26, ya −5,26% isanzwe.
Iyo $250 ari yo yose isubizwa, itsinzi ni $245 n'impuzandengo ni (245 − 185)/38 = +$1,58, canke 31,6%.
Bollman (2024) atanga iyi kupo, yo muri kazino Lady Luck (ubu ni Downtown Grand), nk'umwimenyerezo; inyishu yacapuwe hamwe na yo, 7,89%, ntihuye n'ugusoma na kumwe. Nk'ikupo ya matchplay, ifise agaciro rimwe gusa: yikinire uhagarare.
Agakuru ko gutwenga
Igihembo gifise agaciro kanini cane ku mukinyi agitwara agaca asubira i muhira.
Aho Twakuye
- Bollman, M. Basic Gambling Mathematics: The Numbers Behind the Neon, 2nd ed.
- Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed.