Imigani · Imigani · iminota 6

Umugani: Inomero Zirageze

“Cumi n'indwi ntiraza mu kuzunguruka 150. Irageze.” Ntirageze.

Inyishu ngufi

Inomero imaze igihe kirekire itaza ifise ugushoboka kungana neza neza n'ukw'iyindi yose ku kuzunguruka gukurikira: 1/37. Inyizera y'uko “igeze” ni ikosa ry'umutezi riherekejwe n'ikibaho c'ivyavuyemwo.

p(17 ikurikira)
1/37, igihe cose
p(nta 17 mu kuzunguruka 150)
1,7%
incuro ivyo biba ahandi
ubudasiba
urubanza
umugani

Ivyavuzwe

Amakazino yerekana ivyavuyemwo 20 gushika kuri 500 biheruka kandi kenshi agashira ikimenyetso ku nomero “zikanye” zimaze igihe zitaza. Abakinyi basoma ikibaho, babona ko 17 imaze ukuzunguruka 150 itaza, bakayitegako kubera ko ngo itegerezwa kuba igeze. Iciyumviro ni uko mu gihe kirekire inomero yose iza ku 1/37 vy'igihe, rero inomero iri inyuma itegerezwa gushika izindi.

Kubera iki ari ikosa

Ukuzunguruka kumwe kumwe ntigufatanye n'ukundi. UmupiraibikoreshoUmupiraUmupira mutoyi uterwa mu nzira uhushanye na rotor. Imipira y'ubu ikozwe muri ivorine canke Teflon, 18–21 mm.Soma vyose → ntuzi ko 17 imaze igihe itaza, kandi akazuibikoreshoAkazuKimwe mu bibanza 37 bifise inomero kuri rotor. Kandi bita: slot, cup.Soma vyose → kangana nk'uko kari kangana. Igipimo co mu gihe kirekire kigana ku gaciro kaco kubera ukwiyongera kw'ivyavuyemwo, atari kubera ugukosorwa: inyuma y'ukundi kuzunguruka 10.000, icuho c'ukuzunguruka 150 kiba ari ikosa rito ryo gukomatanya igitigiri, atari kubera ko 17 yaje kenshi kurusha, ariko kubera ko icitegererezo cakuze. Itegeko ry'ibitigiri vyinshiimibareItegeko ry'ibitigiri vyinshiImpuzandengo y'ivyavuyemwo vyigenga yegera agaciro kitezwe uko incuro z'igeragezwa zigenda ziyongera.Soma vyose → ntirisaba ko inomero n'imwe ishika izindi; risaba gusa ko ihindagurika ryahise riba rito ugereranije n'igiteranyo.

Incuro inomero imwe itaza nibura mu kuzunguruka k%
ukuzunguruka 37
36,3%
ukuzunguruka 74
13,2%
ukuzunguruka 100
6,5%
ukuzunguruka 150
1,7%
ukuzunguruka 200
0,4%
%
018,1536,3%
(36/37)ᵏ. Hariho inomero 37 kuri buri ruziga muri buri kazino, rero ukutaza mu kuzunguruka 150 kuriko kuraba ahantu kanaka ubu nyene.

Kubera iki vyumvikana nk'ukuri

Kubera ko mu bindi bice vyose vy'ubuzima, ukutaza kwerekana ko ikintu kigiye gushika: bisi imaze iminota mirongo ibiri itaza ifise ugushoboka kwinshi kwo kuza mu minota itanu ikurikira. Ivyo ni kubera ko bisi zigendera ku ndongozo y'amasaha. Ruleti ntigira indongozo y'amasaha; ifise ugushobokaimibareUgushobokaUgushoboka kw'ivyavuyemwo, kuva kuri 0 gushika kuri 1 canke 0% gushika 100%. Inomero imwe: 1/37 = 2,70%.Soma vyose →, kandi ugushoboka si igipimo gitegerezwa gushikwako. Ico ciyumviro ni ciza ku bintu vyinshi vyo mw'isi, ariko ni ikosa ku ruziga.

Igeragezwa

Andika inomero ijana “zikanye” ku bibaho vy'ivyavuyemwo, maze utege kuri imwe imwe mu kuzunguruka 37 gukurikira. Igipimo co gufata kizoba 1/37 ku kuzunguruka, kimwe n'ic'inomero iyo ari yo yose yatowe ku mpfindo, ukuyemwo ihindagurika rito. Ikibaho c'ivyavuyemwo ni insiguro y'ivyahise. Nta co kivuga ku bizoza ku ruziga rutagira uguhenda, kandi ku ruziga rubogamyeubushakashatsiUruziga rubogamyeUruziga rufise amakosa y'ivyuma atuma utuzu tumwe dushobora gufata kuruta 1/37. Ni gake, kandi rumenyekana gusa n'ukuzunguruka ibihumbi vyanditswe.Soma vyose → (rwosaba ukuzunguruka ibihumbi kugira ngo bimenyekane) ni inomero zishusheumuganiInomero ishusheInomero yaje kenshi kuruta uko vyitezwe mu gihe ca vuba. Ku ruziga rutabogamye nta co ihanura.Soma vyose →, atari izikanye, zokwiye kutegwako.

Ingene Icitegererezo KinganaIvyavuyemwo muri Ruleti: Gusoma Ikibaho

Umugani uhindukiye

“Cumi n'indwi irashushe, yitegeko” ni ikosa rimwe nyene ryahinduye uruhande. Inyizera zompi zifise agaciro kitezweimibareAgaciro kitezweIvyavuyemwo vy'impuzandengo kuri buri tego mu gihe kirekire. −1/37 c'amahera y'itego kuri buri tego risanzwe ry'i Buraya.Soma vyose → kamwe n'ako kwugara amaso ugatunga urutoke: −2,70% vy'amahera y'itego. Ku Mukino w'Ikigereranyo, kina kahise maze uharure incuro inomero ikanyeumuganiInomero ikanyeInomero itaraboneka mu kuzunguruka kwinshi. Nta co ibwira ku kuzunguruka kuzoza ku ruziga rutabogamye.Soma vyose → ifata mu kuzunguruka 37 gukurikira; inyishu ni nka 63,7%, neza neza nk'uko bimeze ku yindi nomero yose.

Ibibazo

Kazino yerekana inomero zikanye kugira ngo ihende abakinyi?

Iraziyerekana kubera ko abakinyi bazisaba. Ikibaho ni ic'ukuri kandi nta co gimaze.

Bite vy'inomero itaraza mu kuzunguruka 500?

(36/37)⁵⁰⁰ ≈ 0,0001%: ni gake cane, kandi iracari 1/37 ku kuzunguruka gukurikira. Iyo bibandanya kuba ku ruziga rumwe, ico ni ikibazo c'ukubogama, kandi inyishu yoba iyo kwirinda iyo nomero.

Hari inomero n'imwe yigeze igera?

Oya.

Agakuru ko gutwenga

Ugushoboka si igipimo gitegerezwa gushikwako.

Ugushoboka si igipimo gitegerezwa gushikwako.

Aho Twakuye

  1. Feller, W. An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. 1. Wiley, isohorwa rya 3, 1968. Gambler’s ruin, igice ca XIV.
  2. Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling. Springer, 2010. Igice ca 13, ruleti.
vyasubiwemwo 2026-09-28icitegererezo: ruleti y'i Buraya, zeru imweuburyo dukoresha ↗amasoko ↗