Kahise k'Uburyo bwo Gutega muri Ruleti

Martingale

Iryo zina rikomoka ku majambo y'abatezi mu rurimi rwa Provence (à la martegalo, “nk'uko abantu b'i Martigues babigira”, bari bazwi ko bata umutwe) yerekeza ku itego rikubwa kabiri, ryanditswe mu mizinga y'amajambo y'igifaransa kuva mu myaka ya 1760. Thorp (1984), akurikiye American Heritage Dictionary, atanga iyindi nsobanuro y'imigenzo: abantu b'i Martigues barashinyagurirwa kubera imico idasanzwe, harimwo no guhambira amapantaro yabo inyuma, ku buryo iryo jambo ryaje gusobanura “mu buryo busekeje”. Mu kinjana ca 18 i Paris yari isanzwe ari inkuru yo kuburira: Casanova adondora ukuntu yahombeye itunga rinini akuba kabiri kuri faro i Venise mu myaka ya 1750. Imibare isigura igituma buranka, urugero rw'amezaamezaUrugero rw'amezaItego ritoya n'irinini kuruta ayandi vyemewe. Urugero rwo hejuru ni rwo ruhagarika iyongerekana rikuba kabiri.Soma vyose → n'amahera yo gukinishaamaheraAmahera yo gukinishaAmahera yose yashizwe ku ruhande yo gukina. Gucunga amahera yo gukinisha ni uguhitamwo ayo ushobora gushira mu kaga kuri buri tego no kuri buri gihe c'ugukina.Soma vyose → afise iherezo, yari izwi mu myaka ya 1770. Mu nyigisho y'ugushobokaimibareUgushobokaUgushoboka kw'ivyavuyemwo, kuva kuri 0 gushika kuri 1 canke 0% gushika 100%. Inomero imwe: 1/37 = 2,70%.Soma vyose →, “martingaleingendo yo gutegaMartingaleIyongerekana rikuba kabiri itego inyuma y'igihombo cose. Raba igice c'Ingendo zo gutega umenye ivyo bukora n'ivyo budakora.Soma vyose →” yabaye ijambo ry'ubuhinga mu myaka ya 1930 risobanura umukino utabogamyeimibareUmukino utabogamyeUmukino aho nta ruhande rufise inyungu: itego ryose rifise agaciro kitezwe ka zeru.Soma vyose →, ari co kintu kimwe Martingale ya ruleti itari co.

Urugero rw'Ameza muri Ruleti

D’Alembert

Jean le Rond d’Alembert yavuze muri Encyclopédie (1754) ko inyuma y'urukurikirane rw'umutwe, umurizo ushobora kuza kuruta, ari ryo ryari rimwe mu majambo ya kera yerekana ikosa ry'umutezi rivuzwe n'umuhanga mu mibare akomeye. Uburyo bwo gutega bwongerako igiceamaheraIgiceAmahera y'itego y'ishingiro uburyo canke umukinyi akoresha. Iyongerekana ridondorwa mu bice kugira ngo rikore ku meza ayo ari yo yose.Soma vyose → kimwe inyuma yo guhomba bugakuraho kimwe inyuma yo gutsinda bwitiriwe izina ryiwe n'abatezi bo inyuma bari bafise ukwo kwemera nyene. We nta co yavyerekeye, kandi mu misi yiwe myiza yari kubwanka.

Ingendo ya D'Alembert muri Ruleti

Labouchère

Henry Labouchèreingendo yo gutegaLabouchèreUburyo bwo gusiba: andika umurongo w'ibitigiri, utege igiteranyo c'ivyo ku mpera zibiri, ubisibe utsinze, wongereko amahera y'itego wahombye uhomvye.Soma vyose → (1831–1912), umunyamakuru, nyene inzu y'ikinamico n'umushingamateka w'umugambwe Liberal, yamenyekanishije uburyo bwo gufuta mu bakomeye b'i Londres mu myaka ya 1870 kandi bivugwa ko yabukoresha i Monte Carlo. Ubwo buryo, bwo kwandika umurongo w'ibitigiri no gutega igiteranyo c'ibiri ku mpera, bwabayeho imbere yiwe. Izina ryiwe ryagumyeho kuko yari azwi ku bindi bintu kandi kuko ubwo buryo bufise kamere idasanzwe yo gukora kenshi, ivyo bikaba vyatuma buba ikiganiro ku mfungurwa z'umugoroba.

Ruleti ya Monte CarloIngendo ya Labouchère muri Ruleti

Ikinjana ca 20

Fibonacciingendo yo gutegaFibonacciIyongerekana rikurikira urukurikirane 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13…: intambwe imwe imbere inyuma y'igihombo, intambwe zibiri inyuma inyuma y'itsinzi.Soma vyose → na Paroliingendo yo gutegaParoliIyongerekana ryemeza: kuba kabiri inyuma y'itsinzi, gusubira ku ntango inyuma y'igihombo canke inyuma y'itsinzi zitatu zikurikirana. Kandi bita: Martingale ihindukiye.Soma vyose → vyinjiye mu bitabu vy'abatezi nko mu 1900. Hagati mu kinjana haje uburyo bugurishwa biciye mu iposita, bwose bufise ivyemezo vy'abaguzi n'isezerano ryo gusubiza amahera, n'ukwigana kwa mbere kuri orudinateri, kwerekanye ivyo imibare yari isanzwe ivuga. Icemezo c'uko nta buryo bushobora gukora cari gisanzwe gihari: Joseph Doob (1936) na Paul Halmos (1939) berekanye ko nta tegeko ryo guhitamwo igihe n'amahera yo gutega rihindura ivyitezwe mu mukino utabogamye canke utagira akamaro umukinyi, kandi inyigo ya Thorp yo mu 1969 yasiguye ivyo bisabwa nk'uko abatezi babihura na vyo. Kuva ico gihe uburyo ntibwahindutse; ukwamamaza kwavuye ku dutabo kuja kuri videwo.

Umugani: Ingendo yo Gutega muri Ruleti Itsinda Imisi YoseIngendo ya Fibonacci muri Ruleti

Igituma bugumaho

Uburyo buha umukinyi ico akora n'inkuru yo kuvuga. Ibihe vyinshi vy'ugukina mu buryo bwinshi birangira mu gutsinda gutoyi, ari yo nkuru nziza kuruta imibare. Ibihe vyo guhomba ni bike kandi bibukwa nk'amahirwe mabi. Ukwamamaza ntigukeneye kubesha ku gushoboka; gukeneye gusa kwerekana igihe c'ugukina catsinze, kandi ni vyinshi. Inyishu ihakana, 2,70% y'igiteranyo c'amategoamaheraIgiteranyo c'amategoIgiteranyo c'amahera yose yateze mu gihe c'ugukina canke mu kiringo, harimwo n'ivyatsinzwe vyongeye gutegwa. Kandi bita: handle, action.Soma vyose →, yamye iboneka kuva mu 1796 kandi ntiyigeze ihendahenda abantu nk'ijoro ry'amahirwe.

Uburyo bugurishwa

Urudandaza rwo mu kinjana ca 20 rwongeyeko imigambi yarwo, wose ukaba ari ugutunganya bushasha amatego nyene ahombya. Phase One yagurishwa $25 hiyongereyeko 10% y'ivyo umuguzi yatsinze, bagasezerana Phase Two iyo $500 zimaze kurihwa n'“Inner Circle” kuri $5.000. Na kimwe muri ivyo ntigihindura imibare: agaciro kitezweimibareAgaciro kitezweIvyavuyemwo vy'impuzandengo kuri buri tego mu gihe kirekire. −1/37 c'amahera y'itego kuri buri tego risanzwe ry'i Buraya.Soma vyose → k'urukurikirane rw'amatego ni igiteranyo c'agaciro kitezwe ka rimwe rimwe.

Ikitari uburyo

Amategeko yo guhagarara: guhitamwo imbere y'igihe ingene ushaka guhomba canke gutsinda hanyuma ukagenda. Kenshi agurishwa nk'igice c'uburyo kandi ni co gice conyene gikora ikintu, kuko agabanya igiteranyo c'amatego. Nta muntu yitiriwe, kandi ivyo birakwiye.

Ibibazo